Device for lifting a layer consisting of a plurality of containers or the like

ABSTRACT

The invention describes a device for lifting a layer, consisting of a plurality of containers or the like, in particular consisting of a plurality of rows of container or the like, which are preferable arranged in parallel next to one another, comprising a base, comprising a lifting device, wherein the lifting device encompasses a transport surface, which is embodied in particular as a blind, which can be displaced parallel to the base and preferable also comprises a frame. The frame can be wrapped around by means of being slipped around the layer of the containers or by means of feeding the containers into the frame, wherein, prior to the lifting of the layer, the lifting device is moved towards the layer in such a manner that the transport surface, which has not yet been extended into its lifting position, is located with its front edge in front of the first row A of the layer and is then moved underneath the layer into its lifting position by means of a relative movement with respect to the containers below the containers standing on the base. The device is embodied in such a manner that a partial region of the base is located underneath every container at any point in time and in the row A of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next, at least on the side facing the transport surface, before the base is guided downwards, a clearance is given, in particular has been created, between the bottoms of the containers of the row A and the base, so that the transport surfaces can be guided underneath the containers of the row A.

The invention relates to a device for lifting a layer consisting of a plurality of containers or the like, in particular consisting of a plurality of rows of container or the like, which are preferable arranged in parallel next to one another, comprising a base, comprising a lifting device, wherein the lifting device encompasses a transport surface, which is embodied in particular as a blind, which can be displaced parallel to the base and preferable also comprising a frame, which is embodied in such a manner that the frame can be wrapped around by means of being slipped around the layer of the containers or by means of feeding the containers into the frame, wherein, prior to the lifting of the layer, the lifting device is moved towards the layer in such a manner that the transport surface, which has not yet been extended into its lifting position, is located with its front edge in front of the first row of the layer and is then moved underneath the layer into its lifting position by means of a relative movement with respect to the containers underneath the containers standing on the base. Containers also include individually packaged goods, such as, e.g., cans, bottles, hollow glass, container glass or buckets, which encompass a platform on the lower side, with which they can be set up on a base.

In the industry, for example in the glass industry or in the container industry, the produced containers, such as, e.g., bottles, must be moved from a base to a pallet. On the pallet, a plurality of container layers, which are then later secured by means of a film tube, which is slipped thereover, are then stacked on top of one another. Typically, the base is a revolving conveyor belt, which transports the containers. The containers are then piled up on a platform, which corresponds to the pallet size, by means of a stop. This region is also called the accumulation region. As soon as a layer of containers is complete, the containers are picked up by means of a lifting device and are deposited on a pallet and on the upper layer of a stack of pallets, which has already been deposited, respectively.

In a known device, a displacement table, which is height-adjustable, borders on the accumulation region for this purpose. The layer of individually packaged goods, such as containers, is horizontally pushed onto the displacement table. Then, the displacement table, which in turn borders on the pallet, is displaced into the desired height so that the layer of individually packaged goods, such as containers, is pushed onto the pallet in a last step or—provided that a plurality of layers are already stacked on top of one another on the pallet, is pushed onto the intermediate bottom, which was placed onto the last deposited layer on the upper side.

A disadvantage is hereby that, due to the displacement table, which must additionally be height-adjustable, such devices require an increased amount of space. Furthermore, the possibilities of disposing the accumulation region and the depositing region are limited because of the displacement table, which is disposed therebetween. In addition, such devices can be used only to a limited extent, for example for containers with very small diameters, because of the transitions between the accumulation region and the displacement table on the one hand and the displacement table and the depositing region on the other hand.

It is the object of the invention to avoid the afore-mentioned disadvantages and to specify a device, which makes it possible, with a small space requirement, to move the individually packaged goods, such as containers or cans, for example, from the layer table and the accumulation region, respectively, into the depositing region, that is, onto the pallet, without considerably changing a layer pattern created on the layer table. At the same time, the device is to also enable the movement of containers of different diameters and/or shapes, without requiring an adaptation.

This object is solved in that the device is embodied in such a manner that a partial region of the base is located underneath each container at every point in time and where at the row of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next, a clearance is given at least on its side facing the transport surface between the bottoms of the containers of this row and the base, in particular the clearance was preferably created only temporarily so that the transport surface can be guided underneath the containers of the row. By means of the clearance, which is given and created, respectively, on the side of the base, which faces the transport surface between the bottoms of the containers of the row and the base, the base can be guided down, without touching the containers laterally while moving the transport surface downwards, which can lead to damages.

With a possible embodiment of the device, the containers of the row can be tiled on the upper side, for example by means of a stop, which can be displaced in vertical direction, by means of tapping so that a clearance can thus be created and so that the base can thus be passed from below. Other constructive measures for creating a clearance are possible.

The device as claimed in the invention thus allows for a direct take-over of the containers from the accumulation table and the accumulation region, respectively, so that a displacement table, which requires additional space, is no longer required, as was the case until now. At the same time, the device as claimed in the invention enables such a takeover, where the layer pattern created on the layer table and the accumulation table, respectively, is not considerably changed in response to the takeover. Containers with different diameters and shapes, respectively, can also be taken over by means of the device as claimed in the invention, without requiring a special adaptation, such as, e.g., other gripper tools or suction plates, on the objects, which are to be taken over.

The containers of adjacent rows can be disposed to one another according to the type of a chessboard. However, it is also quite possible that adjacent rows are arranged to one another offset by half of the diameter of a container. The outer contour of the layer is also arbitrary. It goes without saying that other layer patterns are also possible.

On its surface facing the transport surface in the region, which, on the one hand, borders on the row of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next and, on the other hand, faces the transport surface, which was not yet passed from below, the base can encompass at least one recess and the transport surface at the front edge in underpass direction can encompasses at least one front edge region, which is embodied in such a manner and which, in response to a relocation of the transport surface into its lifting position, can be inserted into the corresponding recess and can, in this respect, be passed from below underneath the row of containers. The insertion of the respective front edge regions of the front edge into the corresponding recess, the transport surface can simply be passed from below underneath the row of containers, because the containers of this row are not contacted in the region of their side walls.

Preferably, provision can be made for a plurality of recesses, which are oriented parallel to the underpass direction and which are embodied in a groove-shaped manner. Provided that the base is stationary, the recesses must extend across the complete length of the layer. This must not be the case, if, for example, the base together with the transport surface moves in underpass direction when the transport surface is passed from below.

At least one recess can be embodied as a groove, which is orthogonal to the underpass direction. Due to the fact that the front edge is located in the recess when being passed from below, the base must be moved synchronously with the transport surface when passing the transport surface from below in underpass direction. It is obvious that the recess must not be embodied to be continuous across the entire width of the base and of the row of containers, respectively. It is quite possible that provision is made for recess partial regions at least at the same distance to the containers along the row, wherein the front edge with the correspondingly embodied front edge regions can be inserted into the corresponding recess partial regions. The distance of the recess partial regions and the width of the recess partial regions is a function of the diameter and of the dimensions of the containers, respectively.

Preferably, the base can be embodied to be flexible, at least in displacement direction. It goes without saying that the base can also be embodied to be flexible orthogonally to the displacement direction. In such an embodiment, the base is embodied as a conveyor belt, for example.

The base can be embodied as a conveying surface, which can be moved in the displacement direction and which preferably consists of a plurality of segments, which are connected with one another in an articulated manner via elements by means of axes, which are oriented perpendicular to the displacement direction. If a segment extends across the complete width of the base, for example, provision can be made for a continuous groove as a recess.

It goes without saying that the recesses can also extend parallel to the underpass direction. In such a case, the base can also be stationary. The transport surface extends with the front edge regions into the respective recess and can be passed from below underneath the row of containers. The distance of the recess oriented parallel to the underpass direction is a function of the size of the containers.

In the alternative, provision can be made for a base lifting device, which lifts the base, wherein the base lifting device in underpass direction in the region which, on the one hand, borders on the row of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next and, on the other hand, faces the transport surface, which was not yet passed from below, which is disposed at a slight distance from the front edge of the transport surface and which is disposed so as to be displaceable synchronously with the transport surface, which can be displaced in the lifting position. The distance of the base-lifting device to the row of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next, is smaller than half of the diameter of the containers, which are to be lifted, and half of the depth of the individually packaged goods, which are to be lifted, respectively. A clearance is initially created by means of the base lifting device so that the transport surface can then be passed from below.

The base lifting device can be coupled with the transport surface via a connecting element, which creates a constant distance.

In the alternative, the base lifting device can be displaced via a separate drive.

So that the base lifting device can be moved back into its initial position after reaching the lifting position of the transport surface in a simpler manner, it lends itself for the base lifting device to be positioned so as to be capable of being lowered. This is so because the base is no longer lifted when the base lifting device is moved back, due to the lowering.

The base lifting device can be embodied as an elevation, which is laterally flattened, preferably in the cross-section at least in underpass direction and which extends across the entire width of the row. The base lifting device must not have the same height across the entire width of the row.

Preferably, the base lifting device can consists of at least two surface elements, which are located in one plane, which can be moved relative to one another in the plane into a position, in which they are fit into one another on the one hand and in an adjoining position on the other hand, wherein the edges of the respective surface elements each pointing towards one another are embodied in a comb-shaped manner and encompass surface partial regions, which are disposed offset to one another and protruding in the plane. Upon moving the lifting device towards the layer of containers, which is to be accommodated, the surface elements are in the mutually adjoining position. The transport surface together with the adjoining surface element is then displaced in a synchronous manner. In response to this relative movement, the two comb-shaped surface elements are displaced into one another. Once the transport surface reaches its lifting position, the surface elements are in a position, in which they are fit into one another. Instead of the comb-shaped embodiment of the edges of the respective surface elements, which each point towards one another, other embodiments, for example scissor mechanisms, are, of course, also possible. They are embodied in such a manner that the containers are held in the mutually adjoining position of the surface elements as well.

Preferably, the conveying edge of the transport surface can encompass a surface, which runs downwards to the free end and in a sloped manner downwards to the base, so as to simplify even more the passing from below due to the tapering front edges.

The containers of this row can thereby be lifted at least in the region of their side, which faces the transport surface. It goes without saying that the containers of this row can also be lifted in their entirety.

In the alternative, the base can be lowered in the region, which, on the one hand, borders on the row of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next and which, on the other hand, faces the transport surface, which was not yet passed from below. It goes without saying that a lowering of the base in combination with a lifting of the containers of this row is also possible at least in the region of its side, which faces the transport surface.

With the containers of this row, a clearance can initially only be created on its side, which faces the transport surface and the orientation of the containers can be changed, in particular in response to an underpassing of the transport surface caused by a contact of the front edge of the transport surface with at least one region of the underside of the containers. The creation of the clearance in the first step can occur with or without a change of the orientation of the containers. If, for example, the containers in this row are initially lifted slightly only on their side, which faces the transport surface, whereby the orientation of the containers of this row changes, the orientation of the containers is once again changed in response to guiding the transport surface downwards in response to a contact of the front edge of the transport surface with at least one region of the underside of the containers.

In the alternative, such a clearance between the bottoms of the containers of this row and the base can be created with the row of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next, such that, upon underpassing the transport surface, the orientation of the containers remains substantially unchanged. With such a process, the created clearance is sufficient for maintaining the orientation of the containers, which are spaced apart by means of a clearance to the transport surface, in response to an underpassing of the transport surface.

The row of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next, can be located approximately orthogonally to the underpass direction on the plane of the transport surface. It goes without saying that the front edge of the transport surface can also be oriented in an angle, which does not equal 90° to the underpass direction so that the containers of the row, underneath which the transport surface is to be guided next, are located in “different” rows, as compared to the layer. It goes without saying that, with a corresponding constructive embodiment, the row of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next, can also be embodied in a different manner, such as, e.g., in a zigzag.

Provision can be made for a conveyor belt as a base, on which the layer of containers is created with the desired layer pattern by means of piling or by means of a further device. For example, the containers can be piled up in front of a stop, which is oriented in particular at right angles to the conveying device, or they can be assembled free and with zero pressure by means of the device. It goes without saying that, in such an embodiment, only a partial region of the conveyor belt is underneath the layer at any given point in time. In response to a movement of the conveyor belt, the containers are piled up in front of the stop until a full layer is produced. Then, the lifting device is moved towards the layer in such a manner that the transport surface, which has not yet been extended into its lifting position, is located with its front edge in front of the first row of the layer and is then moved underneath the layer into its lifting position by means of a relative movement with respect to the containers underneath the containers standing on the base.

Illustrated embodiments of the invention illustrated in the drawings will be explained below:

FIG. 1 shows a top view onto a palletizer comprising an accumulation table and a depositing region,

FIG. 2-FIG. 7 shows a first embodiment of a device as claimed in the invention,

FIG. 8-FIG. 13 shows a second embodiment of a device as claimed in the invention,

FIG. 14-FIG. 18 shows a third embodiment of a device as claimed in the invention,

FIG. 19+FIG. 20 show a fourth embodiment of a device as claimed in the invention,

FIG. 21 shows sketches A to I for illustrating the possible directions of movement.

Corresponding reference numerals are used in all of the FIGS. for the same and similar components, respectively.

FIG. 1 illustrates the top view onto a palletizer. A conveyor belt, which is embodied as a support 1, is located in the left-hand part of FIG. 1. As in FIG. 2 to FIG. 21, the conveyor belt is revolving and is deflected between two non-illustrated deflection rollers. At the same time, the part of the conveyor belt illustrated in FIG. 1 represents the accumulating region. A layer of containers 2 is stacked up in front of a non-illustrated stop in the accumulating region.

Furthermore, provision is made for a lifting device 3, which encompasses a transport surface 4, which can be moved parallel to the base 1 and which is embodied as a blind and which encompasses a frame 5. In the illustrated embodiment, the frame 5 has four flanges 6, which can be moved for the purpose of a subsequent centering of the containers 2 in the direction of the center of the layer.

The lifting device 3 is fastened to a displacement carriage 8 by means of a support construction 7. The support construction 7 permits a lifting of the lifting device 3 in vertical direction. For a horizontal displacement, the displacement carriage 8 is positioned on a displacement construction 9 so as to be displaceable. The depositing region, in which the layers are deposited on a pallet 10, is located parallel and at a distance to the accumulation region.

So that layers of containers 2, which are stacked on top of one another, are not in direct contact with one another, a respective intermediate bottom is placed on the upper side onto an already deposited layer by means of a suggested intermediate bottom application device 11, before the next layer is deposited.

After depositing the layer, the lifting device 3 is again moved back to the accumulation table. Prior to lifting the layer, the lifting device 3 is moved towards the layer, which is to be lifted in such a manner that the transport surface 4, which has not yet been extended into its lifting position, is located with its front edge 12 in front of the first row of the layer and is then moved underneath the layer into its lifting position by means of a relative movement with respect to the containers 2 underneath the containers 2 standing on the base 1. After the new layer has been lifted, the lifting device 3 is again moved into the depositing region and the layer is deposited on the intermediate bottom. This process is repeated until the desired number of layers has been deposited. Then, the palette 10 comprising the layers is transported away and a new palette 10 is deposited in the depositing region.

FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment, where provision is made for a base lifting device 13 underneath the base 1. The base lifting device 13 is embodied as an elevation, which is laterally flattened, preferably in the cross-section at least in underpass direction 14 and which extends across the entire width of the row. The base lifting device 13 is disposed underneath the conveyor belt, which is embodied as base 1.

As is suggested in particular in FIG. 5, the base lifting device 13 effects a local lifting of the base 1 by the height “a”. Consequently, in the row A of containers 2, underneath which the transport surface 4 is relocated next, a clearance 15 is created on its side facing the transport surface 4 between the bottoms of the containers 2 of this row A and the base 1. This clearance 15 permits a simple underpassing of the transport surface 4 underneath the containers 2 of this row A. This lifting continues row for row until the transport surface 4 has been passed from below underneath all of the containers 2 of the layer and has thus reached its lifting position.

In the positions illustrated in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7, the transport surface 4 has been passed from below underneath approximately half of the rows of the layer. For a better underpassing, the front edge 12 of the transport surface 4 encompasses a surface, which runs downwards to the free end and in a sloped manner downwards to the base 1.

In FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, the base lifting device 13 is coupled with the transport surface 4 of the base lifting device 13 via a connecting element 16, which creates a constant distance. So that the base lifting device 13 can be moved back into its initial position after reaching the lifting position of the transport surface 4 in a simpler manner, the base lifting device 13 is supported in the direction of the illustrated arrow so as to be capable of being lowered. Through this, the base 1, due to the lowering, is no longer lifted when the base lifting device is moved back.

In FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the base lifting device 13 can be displaced synchronously with the transport surface 4 via a separate drive.

FIG. 8 to FIG. 13 illustrate an alternative embodiment of a base lifting device 13. In this illustrated embodiment, the base lifting device 13 consists of two surface elements 17, 18, which are located in one plane, wherein the edges of both of the surface elements 17, 18, each pointing towards one another, are embodied in a comb-shaped manner and encompass surface partial regions 19, 20, which are disposed offset to one another and protruding in the plane.

Contrary to the illustrated embodiment according to FIG. 4 to FIG. 7, in which substantially only the row A is lifted by means of the base lifting device 13, all of the containers 2 are located at the same height in the illustrated embodiment according to FIG. 8 to FIG. 13.

On the lower side, the surface elements 17, 18 bear on a slide rail 21. The surface element 17 illustrated at the left-hand side in these FIGS. is thereby stationary, while the surface element 18, which is illustrated on the right-hand side in these FIGS. can be relocated synchronously with the transport surface 4. For this purpose, provision is made for a non-illustrated drive, for example.

The position of the two surface elements 17, 18 to one another is illustrated in FIG. 8 to FIG. 11 in the respective left-hand lower region of the respective FIG. in top view. For reasons of simplification, FIG. 8 to FIG. 11 no longer illustrate the conveyor belt on the side of the layer, which is located opposite the transport surface 4 so that, because of this, the surface element 17 located underneath the conveyor belt is visible.

In FIG. 10, the surface elements 17, 18 are located in a mutually adjoining position. The transport surface 4 is then also not yet in its lifting position. The width of the surface partial regions 19, 20 is matched with the diameter of the container 2. The smaller the diameter of the containers 2, the smaller the width of the surface partial regions 19, 20.

If the transport surface 4 is moved in the direction of the left surface element 17 together with the right surface element 18, that is, in underpass direction 14, as is illustrated in FIG. 12, before the base 1 is guided downwards, a clearance 15 is created between the bottoms of the containers 2 of the row A and the base 1, underneath which the transport surface 4 is relocated next, on its side facing the transport surface 4. The transport surface 4 can thus be guided underneath the containers 2 of this row A.

This clearance 15 is formed in that the conveyor belt in this region is lowered by the height “a” by means of the surface element 18. The lowering can be justified by the dead load of the base 1. However, it is also quite possible that the base 1 is guided downwards by means of a non-illustrated construction, e.g. in the form of a roller configuration, wherein this construction can be displaced synchronously in underpass direction 14 with the transport surface 4.

In the illustrated embodiment, the height “a” corresponds approximately to the height of the transport surface 4 and is approximately 20 mm. in the regions, in which the transport surface 4 is located above the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt is in contact with the slide rail 21 and is thus lower by the height “a” than the regions, which are in contact with the surface elements 17, 18, that is, the base lifting device 13. This also applies for the embodiment of the base lifting device 13 according to FIG. 2 to FIG. 7.

In FIG. 9 and FIG. 13, the transport surface 4 is in its lifting position, that is, it has been passed from below underneath all of the containers 2 of this layer. The surface elements 17, 18 are then also in the position, in which they are fit into one another. The layer can then be lifted by means of the lifting device 3.

After the layer has been lifted by means of the lifting device 3, the right-hand surface element 18 is again relocated into the position illustrated in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11. A new layer of containers 2 is then piled up on the base 1 and the lifting device 3 comprising the frame 5 is positioned around the layer of container 2, wherein the transport surface 4 is not yet located in the lifting position. By means of relocating the right-hand surface element 18 together with the transport surface 4, the transport surface 4 can then again be passed from below underneath the layer.

FIG. 14 to FIG. 18 on the one and as well as FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 on the other hand, illustrate illustrated embodiments, where under the row A of containers 2, underneath which the transport surface 4 is relocated next, a clearance 15 is given at least on its side facing the transport surface 4 between the bottoms of the containers 2 of this row A and the base 1.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 14 to FIG. 18, the base 1, that is, the conveyor belt, encompasses on its surface facing the transport surface 4, groove-shaped recesses 22, which are oriented parallel to the underpass direction 14. At the same time, the transport surface 4, at its front edge 12 in underpass direction 14, encompasses comb-shaped front edge regions 23, wherein a recess 22 is assigned to each front edge region 23. The front edge regions 23 can be inserted into the corresponding recess 22 and can be relocated in the recess. This can clearly be seen in the sloped top view in FIG. 16 as well as in the side view according to FIG. 17.

The distance of the recesses 22 is matched with the size of the containers 2, which are to be lifted. In the illustrated embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16, provision is made for a plurality of recesses 22 underneath each container 2. By relocating the transport surface 4 in underpass direction 14, the transport surface 4 can be easily passed from below underneath the layer, due to the guidance of the front edge region 23 in the recesses 22. In this illustrated embodiment, the base 1 can also be stationary. In FIG. 18, the front edge 12 of the transport surface 4 is illustrated from different directions. It can clearly be seen that the front edge 12 is embodied so as to run downwards in a slanted manner so that the height from the front edge regions 23 to the transport surface 4 increases.

The embodiment of the base 1 can be variable. The base 1 can be stationary so that a relative movement between the base 1 and the transport surface exists in response to a relocation of the transport surface 4.

However, the base 1 can also be embodied so as to be displaceable so that, upon the relocation of the transport surface 4, the base 1 is moved either in the same direction or in the opposite direction with the transport surface 4.

According to FIG. 14 to FIG. 18, the base 1 can thus be embodied as a conveyor belt, for example, which consists of a plurality of segments, which are connected with one another in an articulated manner via elements by means of axes, which are oriented perpendicular to the displacement direction.

A segment can be embodied to be continuous across the entire width of the base 1. However, it is also quite possible that a segment consists of a plurality of partial segments, which are connected with one another, as viewed over the width of the base 1.

In FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, the base 1 is embodied as a conveying surface, which can be moved in the displacement direction 26 and which consists of a plurality of segments 25, which are connected with one another in an articulated manner via elements 24 by means of axes, which are oriented perpendicular to the displacement direction 26. On its upper side, each segment 25 encompasses a recess 22, which is embodied as a groove, which is embodied orthogonally to the underpass direction 14. During the passing from below, the front edge 12 of the transport surface 4 is located in a recess 22 so that the transport surface 4 can be slightly passed from below underneath the row of containers 2. In this embodiment, no relative movement should exist between the base 1 and the transport surface 4.

FIG. 21 illustrates possible directions of movement. The embodiment according to FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 is illustrated in sketches A and B. The displacement direction 26 of the base 1 can thus be identical with the underpass direction 14 of the transport surface 4 and with the displacement direction 27 of the base lifting device 13, which is illustrated in sketch B.

It goes without saying that the displacement direction 26 of the base 1 can be opposite to the underpass direction 14 of the transport surface and the displacement direction 27 of the base lifting device 13.

Possible directions of movement in a base lifting device 13 consisting of two surface elements 17, 18 are illustrated in sketches C and D. Sketch C relates to the embodiment according to FIG. 8 to FIG. 13. In sketch D, the right-hand surface element 18 is disposed so as to be stationary, while the left-hand surface element 17 can be relocated. The underpass direction 14 of the transport surface 4, the displacement direction 26 of the base 1 as well as the displacement direction 27 of the surface element 17 are then the same.

The directions of movement in the embodiment according to FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 are illustrated in sketch E.

The directions of movement in the embodiment according to FIG. 14 to FIG. 18 are illustrated in sketches F and G. As can be seen therefrom, the underpass direction 14 of the transport surface 4 can be in displacement direction 26 (sketch F) as well as opposite the displacement direction 26 (sketch G) of the base 1.

Sketches H and I illustrate an illustrated embodiment, in which the base 1 is “locally” lowered in the region, which, on the one hand, borders on the row of containers 2, underneath which the transport surface 4 is relocated next and, on the other hand, faces the transport surface 4, which was not yet passed from below. The “lowered” region also moves around synchronously with the transport surface 4. Here, the underpass direction 14 of the transport surface 4 can either be in the displacement direction 26 (sketch I) or opposite the displacement direction 26 (sketch H) of the base 1.

In the illustrated embodiments illustrated in the figures, the transport surface 4 embodied as a blind is guided in two U-shaped rails, which are disposed at a distance to one another and which are fastened to the lifting device 3. The distance is chosen to be such that the layer of containers 2 does not touch the rails. In particular for economy of space, the ends of the rails are deflected upwards or downwards, as illustrated in FIG. 8 to FIG. 13, for example. 

1. A device for lifting a layer, consisting of a plurality of containers or the like, in particular consisting of a plurality of rows of container or the like, which are preferable arranged in parallel next to one another, comprising a base, comprising a lifting device, wherein the lifting device encompasses a transport surface, which is embodied in particular as a blind, which can be displaced parallel to the base and preferable also comprises a frame, which is embodied in such a manner that the frame can be wrapped around by means of being slipped around the layer of the containers or by means of feeding the containers into the frame, wherein, prior to the lifting of the layer, the lifting device is moved towards the layer in such a manner that the transport surface, which has not yet been extended into its lifting position, is located with its front edge in front of the first row A of the layer and is then moved underneath the layer into its lifting position by means of a relative movement with respect to the containers below the containers standing on the base, characterized in that the device is embodied in such a manner that a partial region of the base is located underneath every container at any point in time and in the row A of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next, at least on the side facing the transport surface, before the base is guided downwards, a clearance is given, in particular has been created, between the bottoms of the containers of the row A and the base, so that the transport surfaces can be guided underneath the containers of the row A.
 2. The device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that on its surface facing the transport surface in the region, which, on the one hand, borders on the row of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next and, on the other hand, faces the transport surface, which was not yet passed from below, the base encompasses at least one recess and that the transport surface at the front edge in underpass direction encompasses at least one front edge region, which is embodied in such a manner and which, in response to a relocation of the transport surface into its lifting position, can be inserted into the corresponding recess and can, in this respect, be passed from below underneath the row A of containers.
 3. The device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that provision is made for a plurality of recesses, which are oriented parallel to the underpass direction and which are embodied in a groove-shaped manner.
 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one recess is embodied as a groove, which is embodied orthogonally to the underpass direction.
 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base is embodied so as to be flexible, at least in the displacement direction.
 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base is embodied as a conveying surface, which can be moved in the displacement direction and which consists in particular of a plurality of segments, which are connected with one another in an articulated manner by means of axes, which are oriented perpendicular to the displacement direction.
 7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that provision is made for a base lifting device, which lifts the base, wherein the base lifting device in underpass direction borders on the one hand on the row A of containers, underneath which the transport surface is relocated next and, on the other hand, faces the transport surface, which was not yet passed from below, which is disposed at a slight distance from the front edge of the transport surface and which is disposed so as to be displaceable synchronously with the transport surface, which can be displaced in the lifting position.
 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the base lifting device is coupled with the transport surface via a connecting element, which creates a constant distance.
 9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the base lifting device can be displaced via a separate drive.
 10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the base lifting device is positioned so as to be capable of being lowered.
 11. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the base lifting device is embodied as an elevation, which is laterally flattened, preferably in the cross-section at least in underpass direction and extends across the entire width of the row.
 12. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the base lifting device consists of at least two surface elements, which are located in one plane, which can be moved relative to one another in the plane into a position, in which they are fit into one another on the one hand and in an adjoining position on the other hand, wherein the edges of the respective surface elements each pointing towards one another are embodied in a comb-shaped manner and encompass surface partial regions, which are disposed offset to one another and protruding in the plane.
 13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front edge of the transport surface encompasses a surface, which runs downwards to the free end and in a sloped manner downwards to the base. 